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可持續(xù)性家庭住宅

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024-03-03 12:04:23 瀏覽量：122次

項(xiàng)目坐落于墨爾本Balwyn區(qū)的某處前農(nóng)田基地上，場(chǎng)地平坦開(kāi)闊，周邊圍繞著眾多鄉(xiāng)村住宅。這些住宅的規(guī)模比墨爾本郊區(qū)中部的住宅小得多，而本項(xiàng)目則以獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格從這些小型住宅建筑中脫穎而出。新建筑坐落于場(chǎng)地的中心，采用了“谷倉(cāng)”式的建筑形式，展現(xiàn)出場(chǎng)地過(guò)去的農(nóng)業(yè)歷史與原有建筑的位置。

Located on a former farmland site in Balwyn, the Kenny Street House is a unique project in that the site is a relatively large, flat site surrounded by much smaller houses in the middle of suburban Melbourne. The new house makes reference to its agricultural origins via its’ barn-like external form and its’ location towards the centre of the site, similar to the location of the original homestead.

▼項(xiàng)目外觀，external view of the project

住宅外部采用了經(jīng)久耐用的建筑材料，包括：金屬覆層包裹的墻體與屋面，主入口處干石堆砌的承重墻等。入口底層立面上則采用了更為溫暖的木制飾面，這種設(shè)置將建筑外部理性的風(fēng)格與室內(nèi)溫暖的紋理與彎曲的形式柔和地銜接起來(lái)。

Externally, the materials selected were durable and robust – including metal cladding and drystone stacked walls which transitioned to warmer textures and curved forms internally. This was done via curved timber wall cladding on the ground floor mirrored by curved timber battens on the first floor which were offset by the subtle textures of the polished slab and off form concrete.

▼入口立面，entrance facade

業(yè)主的愿景是建造一座光線充足的家庭住宅，四名家庭成員既可以在一個(gè)主要的公共生活空間內(nèi)互動(dòng)交流，又能享有不同私密程度的個(gè)人空間。此外，業(yè)主還特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了房屋的可持續(xù)性，保證全年舒適度、降低建筑能耗，并運(yùn)用被動(dòng)式太陽(yáng)能技術(shù)。

Our client’s brief was for a light-filled family home that allowed all four members of the family to interact in the one main living space but to also offer various opportunities to have spaces that allowed for activities with varying levels of privacy. There was also a strong emphasis on sustainability in that the house had to be comfortable all year round with very low energy use and to encompass passive solar principles.

▼入口玄關(guān)，entrance porch

▼由玄關(guān)看生活空間，viewing the living space from the entrance porch

住宅主要分為北側(cè)公共生活空間與南側(cè)私密空間兩個(gè)部分。北側(cè)公共生活空間為二層通高，包括起居室、餐廳與開(kāi)放式廚房。通高的設(shè)計(jì)不僅營(yíng)造出空間感與體量感，還在視覺(jué)上將底層起居室與上部的夾層平臺(tái)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，同時(shí)也為南側(cè)的臥室與浴室引入更多自然光線。由夾層平臺(tái)可以直接進(jìn)入南側(cè)的臥室區(qū)。底層彎曲的木飾面墻與二層木板條組成的曲面墻相映成趣，天然的木材質(zhì)感與拋光板以及混凝土的肌理相互中和，營(yíng)造出和諧舒適的室內(nèi)氛圍。

We started by zoning the main double height living/dining/kitchen areas on the north side which allowed access to the most natural light with the bedrooms, bathrooms and utility rooms to the south. These double height living areas created a sense of space and volume to the main living areas as well as allowed a visual connection with the upstairs mezzanine retreat which was accessible from the upstairs bedrooms.

▼二層通高的公共生活空間，double height living area

▼底層彎曲的木飾面墻與二層木板條組成的曲面墻相映成趣，
curved timber wall cladding on the ground floor mirrored by curved timber battens on the first floor

▼大面積的玻璃為室內(nèi)引入充足的陽(yáng)光，Large areas of glazing bring in plenty of sunlight

設(shè)計(jì)的核心理念秉承了可持續(xù)原則，采用了一系列被動(dòng)式節(jié)能技術(shù)。巨大的北向屋頂上安裝有大量太陽(yáng)能電池板，其產(chǎn)生的能源能夠使住宅內(nèi)的設(shè)備有效地離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行。屋檐以最理想的懸挑方式延伸至起居室的北側(cè)，在夏季能夠有效地避免陽(yáng)光的直射，而在冬季則能夠保證充足的日照。客廳與餐廳中，暴露的混凝土板能夠吸收冬季的陽(yáng)光，并將熱能儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)，在一天中溫和地將熱量輻射到空間中，營(yíng)造出舒適的體感環(huán)境。除此之外，屋頂附近還設(shè)置了可打開(kāi)的天窗與吊扇，它們將熱空氣從屋頂排除，同時(shí)將自然光線引入住宅的深處。

This house also incorporated a number of sustainability principles at the core of its design. The pitch of the large north facing roof allowed for a large number of solar panels so that the house could run effectively off-grid. This roof then continued as an eave to the north of the living room at the ideal overhang to prevent direct sun in the summer but allowed solar access in the winter. An exposed concrete slab to the living/dining room provided thermal mass to absorb this winter sun and gently radiate into the space throughout the day. In addition to this, the openable skylights near the roof ridge and ceiling fans allowed hot air to flush out of the house on hot days, whilst allowing natural light into the deeper parts of the house.

▼餐廳與開(kāi)放式廚房，the dining and the open kitchen

▼廚房，the kitchen

作為一棟家庭住宅，本項(xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)到了形式與功能之間平衡，簡(jiǎn)潔有力的建筑語(yǔ)言與自然舒適的室內(nèi)環(huán)境相結(jié)合，以細(xì)致入微的方式滿(mǎn)足了所有家庭成員的需求。

The result is a family home that finds the balance between form and function – whilst it makes a strong architectural statement, it is also very comfortable to live in and understands all the needs of the family who live in it.

▼臥室前的夾層平臺(tái)，the mezzanine retreat area in front of the bedroom